Aqueous garlic extract mitigate hypercholestrolema and hyperglycemia; Rabbit experimental modelling

Abstract

Background and objectives: Functional foods are gaining popularity worldwide owing to the consumer’s preference towards the consumption of natural product in dietary modifications. Garlic (Allium sativum), is one of the most essential vegetables provides health promoting perspectives due to array of bioactive ingredients. These bioactive moieties especially sulfur containing compounds are responsible for curing various lifestyle related disorders like diabetes, hyperlipidemia and cancer insurgence. Methods: Considering the aim, garlic extraction was carried out using various solvents (aqueous ethanol, aqueous methanol and water) at different intervals (4, 5 and 6 hours) for best solvent extraction efficiency. In vitro studies were carried out to evaluate the status of antioxidant potential in these extracts. For the purpose, DPPH assay, antioxidant activity,FRAP test and glucose diffusion were examined. Efficacy study was conducted using New Zeeland type Rabbits by providing best aqueous garlic extract for a period of 28 days. Accordingly, four groups were designed using different doses of extract(control, 3, 6 and 9 mL/kg b.w). Results: Functional garlic extract containing water solubleactive components resulted in significant reduction in total cholesterol and LDL level indicating their effectiveness against hypercholesterolemic perspectives. Maximum reduction in total cholesterol and LDL was 8.9% and 4.5% respectively in G2 consumed garlic extract @ 6 mL/Kg b.w. Likewise, serum glucose was also substantially reduced however, effect was more pronounced in G2 as compare to other groups. Similarly, he-matological analyses were also improved by phytotherapy of functional food diets. Furthermore, serum biochemistry, pro-tein ratios, electrolytes and non-electrolytes were within the normal range revealing safety of its utilization in food product. Conclusions: From the present investigation, it is deducedthat garlic preparations like aqueous extract, garlic oil, garlicmacerates are effective against hypercholesterolemia and hy-perglycemia therefore, proposed to cure various life threate-ning disorders.

Keywords: Functional food, Aqueous garlic extract, Hypercholesterolemia, Hyperglycemia and rabbit modeling.