Risk factors for cervical cancer in Morocco: a case-control study

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dc.contributor.authorAllali, Malika
dc.contributor.authorErrafii, Khaoula
dc.contributor.authorEl Fermi, Rachid
dc.contributor.authorMessaoudi, Nouha
dc.contributor.authorFichtali, Karima
dc.contributor.authorETAL..
dc.date.accessioned2025-10-14T05:59:39Z
dc.date.available2025-10-14T05:59:39Z
dc.date.issued2025-03-28
dc.descriptionCervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer affecting women globally, significantly impacting global health with approximately 604,127 new cases and causing 341,831 deaths annually [1]. It represents a substantial burden within the spectrum of gynecological cancers, distinguished by its high fatality rate [2]. Despite these grim statistics, positive trends have emerged in many countries over the past four decades. There has been a decline in both the incidence and mortality rates of CC, largely due to widespread efforts in screening, early detection, and vaccination campaigns [3]. However, projections suggest a nearly 50% increase in global CC incidence by 2030, which is concerning [4].
dc.description.abstractIntroduction Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common malignancies among women in Morocco. This study aims to evaluate the risk factors associated with CC in Moroccan women aged 18 to 62. Methods this was a case-control study of 169 women who received radio-chemotherapy and 100 controls. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 29.0.10 to determine associated factors at a significance level of ≤0.05. Results significant associations were found between CC and the following factors: educational level (OR= 9.167), sexual activity during menstruation (OR= 2.351), previous occurrences of sexually transmitted infections (OR= 2.173), and history of multiple sexual partners by the husband (OR= 6.305). However, family history of cancer, consanguinity, number of sleeping hours, and stress did not show any significant association with CC. HPV infection was detected in 33.81% of cases and 8% of controls, with HPV16 being the most prevalent genotype (59.57%), followed by HPV53 (14.79%). Other genotypes were found at lower frequencies. The phylogenetic analysis of HPV isolates showed that the distribution of HPV sequences in Moroccan women with cervical cancer is mainly linked to European, Saudi Arabian and North African epidemiological conditions, suggesting recombinant HPV forms. Additionally, American isolates formed two distinct outgroups, likely due to geographical distance, indicating variations in HPV strains by region. Conclusion Morocco faces a significant burden of CC, with HPV being the primary cause. Lifestyle risk factors like low education, male sexual behavior, multiple pregnancies, and sexual intercourse also contribute. Keywords: Cervical cancer, risk factors, prevalence, human papillomavirus, phylogenetic, Morocco
dc.identifier.citationAllali, M., Errafii, K., El Fermi, R., Messaoudi, N., Fichtali, K., El Fazazi, H., ... & Hamdi, S. (2025). Risk factors for cervical cancer in Morocco: a case-control study. The Pan African Medical Journal, 50, 87.
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2025.50.87.45024
dc.identifier.urihttps://repository.adu.ac.ae/handle/1/7590
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherNational Library of Medicine
dc.titleRisk factors for cervical cancer in Morocco: a case-control study
dc.typeArticle

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