Major Influencing Factors in the Learning of Saraiki, Punjabi, Urdu, and English Languages in the Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract

Learning a new language is tricky, challenging, annoying, and sometimes just downright difficult. Languages play a vital role in the development of a nation and are also significant in their way. Urdu, Punjabi, Saraiki, and English languages are the most spoken languages in the Punjab, Pakistan and at the Higher Education level, students also learn these languages. The aim and objective of this paper are to explore the major factors influencing the learning of Urdu, Punjabi, Saraiki, and English; and finally, their influence on the whole procedure of language knowledge. In this paper, a language learning model for the learning of Urdu, Punjabi, Saraiki, and English was prepared, the study applied a mentalist and quantitative approach by using a questionnaire. A survey was designed keeping in view literature and based on experts' opinions. Nine very important hypotheses were developed that affect the learning of languages. The sample size of the data was 168, IBM SPSS and SmartPLS tools were used for reliability and validity, descriptive, T-test, and Regression analysis. Results show that 82.7% of participants stated that Country of residence is the major factor in the learning of language followed by Prior Linguistic Knowledge and Age has the same value i.e., 80.95%.