Vaccines and Immunotherapies against the Human Papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr Virus

Abstract

The Human papilloma virus (HPV) and the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) are the most common oncoviruses involved in the malignant transformation of cells. HPV and EBV have been linked to a variety of cancers like cervical, head and neck, colorectal, anal, breast and lung cancer. The E6 & E7 antigens of HPV and EBNA1, EBNA2, EBNA3A, EBNA3B, EBNA3C, EBNA-LP, LMP1 and LMP2 antigens of EBV serve as attractive targets for immunotherapy. This chapter outlines the immunotherapeutic platforms like vaccines, adoptive T-cell transfer therapy, CAR-T cell therapy, etc., that are currently aimed at eradicating HPV and EBV-associated disease. In addition, the potential challenges encountered in the unhindered development of ideal oncoviral immunotherapies will be also discussed herein.