Aflatoxin B1 in Rice: Effects of Storage Duration, Grain Type and Size, Production Site, and Season
| dc.contributor.author | Hassan, Hussein | |
| dc.contributor.author | Alwan, Nisreen | |
| dc.contributor.author | Daou, Rouaa | |
| dc.contributor.author | Khoury, Andre | |
| dc.contributor.author | ETAL.. | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-06-03T07:01:34Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-06-03T07:01:34Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022-06 | |
| dc.description | Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites that have chemical and thermal stability and a small molecular weight. They are produced by fungi such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Fusarium, and Claviceps (47). The number of reported mycotoxins exceeds 400; however, the most significant family in terms of food safety and economic assessment are aflatoxins (AFs). Several crops, such as cereals, nuts, forages, fruits, vegetables, and their by-products, are at high risk of contamination with mycotoxins, in addition to animal products, when the consumed animal feeds are contaminated with the toxins (39). The Food and Agriculture Organization reported that mycotoxins can contaminate around 25% of food crops worldwide (12). | |
| dc.description.abstract | Our study evaluated aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) levels in packed rice marketed in Lebanon and determined the exposure to this toxin from rice consumption. A total of 105 packed white, parboiled, and brown rice bags were collected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure AFB1. A comprehensive food frequency questionnaire was completed by 500 participants to determine patterns of rice consumption and, subsequently, the exposure levels to AFB1 from rice consumption in Lebanon. AFB1 was detected in all rice samples (100%). The average concentration ± standard deviation of AFB1 was 0.5 ± 0.3 μg/kg. Contamination ranged between 0.06 and 2.08 μg/kg. Moisture content in all rice samples was below the recommended percentage (14%). Only 1% of the samples had an AFB1 level above the European Union limit (2 μg/kg). Brown rice had a significantly higher AFB1 level than white and parboiled rice (P = 0.02), while a significant difference was found between both collections for the same brands (P = 0.016). Packing season, packing country, country of origin, presence of a food safety management certification, grain size, and time between packing and purchasing had no significant effect. Exposure to AFB1 from rice consumption in Lebanon was calculated as 0.1 to 2 ng/kg of body weight per day. Keywords: Aflatoxin B1, Contamination, Dietary intake, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Rice | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Hassan, H. F., Kordahi, R., Dimassi, H., El Khoury, A., Daou, R., Alwan, N., ... & Karam, L. (2022). Aflatoxin B1 in Rice: Effects of storage duration, grain type and size, production site, and season. Journal of Food Protection, 85(6), 938-944. | |
| dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.4315/JFP-21-434 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://dspace.adu.ac.ae/handle/1/5562 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.publisher | Science Direct | |
| dc.title | Aflatoxin B1 in Rice: Effects of Storage Duration, Grain Type and Size, Production Site, and Season | |
| dc.type | Article |