CSR-Based Positioning Strategies, National Competitiveness, and the Role of Innovation

Abstract

The link between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and competitiveness has been examined mainly at the business level. The purpose of this paper is to improve theoretical understanding and provide empirical evidence on the link between CSR and competitiveness at the national level. We draw on an eclectic-synthetic framework of international business economics, strategic management and CSR literatures to explore conceptually whether and how CSR can impact on the competitiveness of nations and test our hypotheses empirically with a sample of 19 developed countries over a 6 year period. Our evidence suggests that CSR can make a significant contribution to national competitiveness, as measured by national living standards. We also find that countries with a relative low innovative standing can benefit even more, as compared to highly innovative countries, by implementing nation-wide CSR-based positioning strategies.